Mpox in Malaysia (2025 Update): Symptoms, Prevention & MOH Guidelines

• medically reviewed content: Information is sourced from the Ministry of Health Malaysia and the World Health Organization (WHO). This article is for informational purposes and not a substitute for professional medical advice.*

Key Takeaways

• What is Mpox? Mpox (formerly known as Monkeypox) is a viral illness causing fever, swollen lymph nodes, and a characteristic rash.

• Current Status: There have been no new officially reported cases of Mpox in Malaysia for a significant period. However, the Ministry of Health (MOH) continues its surveillance efforts. For the latest real-time updates, always refer to the official MOH Malaysia website.

• How it Spreads: Transmission occurs through close contact with an infected person's rash, bodily fluids, or prolonged face-to-face contact via respiratory droplets.

• Key Symptoms: Look for fever, headache, and muscle aches, followed by a rash that progresses from flat spots to pus-filled blisters.

• Prevention: Good hygiene, avoiding close contact with sick individuals, and practicing safe sex are crucial preventive measures.

What is Mpox (Monkeypox)?

Mpox is a viral disease caused by the monkeypox virus, which belongs to the same family as the smallpox virus. In 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended the name "Mpox" to reduce stigma associated with the former name. While less severe than smallpox, Mpox requires public awareness and preventive action to control its spread.

Current Mpox Situation in Malaysia (August 2025)

As of August 2025, the situation regarding Mpox in Malaysia remains under control. The last confirmed case was reported by the Ministry of Health (MOH) in late 2023, and sustained local transmission has not been established.

The MOH maintains a robust surveillance system to monitor for any potential cases and is prepared to manage any future outbreaks. For the most current statistics and official press releases, Malaysians are advised to consult the official MOH portal.

What Are the Symptoms of Mpox?

Symptoms of Mpox typically appear 5 to 21 days after exposure. The illness often begins with general, flu-like symptoms before the rash appears.

Initial Symptoms Include:

• Fever and chills

• Headache

• Muscle aches and backache

• Intense fatigue (exhaustion)

• Swollen lymph nodes (a key feature that distinguishes Mpox from chickenpox or smallpox)

The Mpox Rash: A rash usually develops 1 to 5 days after the first symptoms. It progresses through several distinct stages:

1. Macules: Flat, discoloured spots.

2. Papules: Raised, firm lesions.

3. Vesicles: Blisters filled with clear fluid.

4. Pustules: Blisters filled with yellowish pus.

5. Scabs: The pustules dry up and form scabs, which eventually fall off.

The rash often starts on the face, palms of the hands, and soles of the feet, but can appear on any part of the body.

How Does Mpox Spread?

Mpox is transmitted through close physical contact. Understanding the transmission routes is key to prevention:

• Direct Contact: Touching the rash, scabs, or bodily fluids of an infected person.

• Respiratory Droplets: During prolonged, face-to-face contact (like talking or breathing closely).

• Contaminated Objects: Touching items (like bedding, towels, or clothing) that have been used by someone with Mpox.

• Animal-to-Human: Through bites or scratches from infected animals, or by preparing or eating meat from an infected animal.

Prevention and Control Measures

You can take practical steps to protect yourself and your community from Mpox:

• Practice Good Hand Hygiene: Wash hands frequently with soap and water or use an alcohol-based sanitizer.

• Avoid Close Contact: Do not touch the rash or scabs of a person with Mpox. Avoid hugging, kissing, or sharing utensils or cups.

• Practice Safe Sex: Using condoms and limiting sexual partners can reduce the risk of transmission during sexual contact.

• Isolate if You Are Sick: If you develop symptoms consistent with Mpox, isolate yourself from others and seek medical advice immediately.

Vaccination and Treatment in Malaysia

The smallpox vaccine has been shown to be highly effective at preventing Mpox. However, it is not currently recommended for the general public in Malaysia. The MOH will provide guidelines on vaccination for specific high-risk groups if the need arises.

Treatment for Mpox is primarily supportive, focusing on managing symptoms, preventing dehydration, and treating any secondary bacterial infections that may occur.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about Mpox

Q1: Is there an Mpox outbreak in Malaysia right now in 2025? As of August 2025, there is no active outbreak in Malaysia. The MOH continues to monitor the situation. Always check official MOH channels for the latest information.

Q2: How serious is Mpox? For most people, Mpox is a self-limiting illness that resolves within 2 to 4 weeks. However, it can be severe for young children, pregnant women, and individuals with weakened immune systems.

Q3: What should I do if I think I have Mpox? If you have a new, unexplained rash along with other Mpox symptoms, you should immediately contact your nearest healthcare provider or clinic. Inform them of your symptoms before your visit so they can take appropriate precautions.

Q4: Can I get Mpox from trying on clothes in a store? The risk of transmission from surfaces is lower than from direct person-to-person contact. While theoretically possible if the clothing was heavily contaminated and recently worn by an infected person, this is not a primary mode of transmission. Standard hygiene practices are sufficient for prevention.